過(guò)去完成時(shí)，是初中英語(yǔ)七大必考時(shí)態(tài)之一。它表示的是，到過(guò)去某時(shí)為止或者在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，簡(jiǎn)單的說(shuō)就是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。下面就和小編一起了解一下，供大家參考。

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞.

①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞.

②否定句：主語(yǔ)+had+not+過(guò)去分詞.

③一般疑問(wèn)句：Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞?肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+had.否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+had not.

④特別疑問(wèn)句：特別疑問(wèn)詞或詞組+一般疑問(wèn)句（Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞）？

1.過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā)生在"過(guò)去的過(guò)去"。

如：When I woke up, it had stopped raining.我醒來(lái)時(shí)，雨已經(jīng)停了。(主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在"過(guò)去的過(guò)去")

2.過(guò)去完成時(shí)是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，表示的是"過(guò)去的過(guò)去"，惟獨(dú)和過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才使用它。

如：He told me that he had written a new book.(had written發(fā)生在told之前)

3.過(guò)去完成時(shí)需要與一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，它不能離開(kāi)過(guò)去時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在。此時(shí)多與already，yet，still，just，before，never等時(shí)間副詞及by，before，until等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句連用。

如：Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.

Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.

4.過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，向來(lái)連續(xù)到這一過(guò)去時(shí)間，而且動(dòng)作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。

如： By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.(had worked已有了20年，還有繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的可能)

雖然這兩種時(shí)態(tài)都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，但在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同：過(guò)去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上強(qiáng)調(diào)"過(guò)去的過(guò)去";而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一特定的時(shí)間。

試比較：They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.

They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.

2.在沒(méi)有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作標(biāo)志時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后須依據(jù)上下文來(lái)推斷：先發(fā)生的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

如：She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won the first in the composition competition.

3.當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用 and 或 but 連接時(shí)，按時(shí)間順序，只需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí);另外，在 before ， after ， as soon as 引導(dǎo)的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示出時(shí)間的先后，因此也可以用過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

如：He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper.

I (had) called her before I left the office.